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Expand your knowledge | Do you know the applications of weighing sensors and how to choose them correctly?
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Relevant sensor technology papers
Publish Time:
2020-07-08
The load cell uses a Wheatstone bridge circuit composed of metallic resistance strain gauges. It is based on the principle that the resistance of a metal wire increases as it stretches and thins under tension, i.e., the effect of metal resistance changing with strain. A load cell is a transducer that converts weight or pressure signals into electrical signals.
A load cell is a device that converts mass signals into measurable electrical signals. Load cells can be classified into eight categories according to their conversion methods: photoelectric, hydraulic, electromagnetic, capacitive, magnetoelastic, vibratory, gyroscopic, and resistive strain gauge types. Among them, the resistive strain gauge type is the most widely used.
Working Principle of Load Cells
The load cell uses a Wheatstone bridge circuit composed of metallic resistance strain gauges. It is based on the principle that the resistance of a metal wire increases as it stretches and thins under tension, i.e., the effect of metal resistance changing with strain. A load cell is a transducer that converts weight or pressure signals into electrical signals.
Construction Principle of Load Cells: Metallic resistors have the property of impeding the flow of current. Generally speaking, for the same type of metal wire, the thinner and longer it is, the greater its resistance. When a metallic resistor wire is stretched or compressed by an external force, its resistance value will increase or decrease within a certain range. Therefore, by attaching the metal wire (or film) to the object being measured, when the object is stretched or compressed by an external force, the metal resistor wire (film) will also stretch or compress proportionally, and its resistance value will change accordingly. A load cell measures weight signals by attaching metallic resistance strain gauges to a metal load beam.
Application Range of Load Cells
With the development of the intelligent era, load cells are used in almost all weighing fields, achieving precise weighing of materials. Especially with the advent of microprocessors and the continuous improvement of industrial automation technology, load cells have become an indispensable device in process control. From the previous weight measurement of large tanks and hoppers that could not be weighed, as well as crane scales and truck scales, to the mixing and dispensing systems of multiple raw materials, automatic detection in production processes, and control of the feeding amount of powders and granular materials, load cells are widely applied.
Currently, load cells are mainly used in various electronic weighing instruments, industrial control fields, online control, overload alarm installation, material testing machines, etc., such as electronic vehicle scales, electronic platform scales, electronic forklifts, dynamic axle scales, electronic crane scales, electronic price computing scales, electronic steel scales, electronic track scales, hopper scales, batching scales, and filling scales.
How to Correctly Select a Load Cell?
We mainly consider the actual working environment of the sensor, as this affects whether the sensor can work normally, its safety and service life, and even the reliability and safety of the entire weighing instrument.
On the one hand, it depends on the type of weighing and installation space to ensure proper installation and safe and reliable weighing; on the other hand, it is necessary to consider the manufacturer's recommendations. For sensor manufacturers, they generally specify the load conditions, performance indicators, installation methods, structural forms, and elastic body materials of the sensor. For example, aluminum alloy cantilever beam sensors are suitable for electronic price computing scales, platform scales, and counter scales, while steel cantilever beam sensors are suitable for electronic belt scales and sorting scales. Steel bridge sensors are suitable for track scales and vehicle scales, and column sensors are suitable for vehicle scales, dynamic track scales, and large-tonnage hopper scales.
Generally, high-temperature environments cause problems such as melting of coating materials, opening of solder joints, and structural changes in the internal stress of the elastic body; dust and moisture cause short circuits in the sensor; in highly corrosive environments, the elastic body of the sensor may be damaged or short-circuited; electromagnetic fields will interfere with the sensor output. Therefore, under corresponding environmental factors, we must choose the corresponding load cell to meet the necessary weighing requirements.
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